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2004 Minnesota State Crops Test



MultipleChoice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers thequestion.
 

 1. 
Corn is thought to haveoriginated as a species in:
a.
U.S andCanada
c.
England and Western Europe
b.
Mexico and CentralAmerica
d.
India and Pakistan
 

 2. 
The ____ (plant part) protectsthe radicle of the corn plant during germination to the seed until it emerges into thesoil.
a.
coleoptile
b.
cotyledons
c.
coleorhiza
d.
mesocotyl
 

 3. 
Corn seedlings frosted in thespring when they are at the 3 or 4 leaf stage of development will probably:
a.
die
c.
recover, but with a large yield loss
b.
not die, but fail to grow any more
d.
recover with little loss inyield
 

 4. 
Corn plants turning yellow anddying in poorly drained area with standing water is caused primarily by a deficiency of _____ to theplant.
a.
oxygen (O2)
c.
nitrogen
b.
water (H2O)
d.
carbon dioxide (CO2)
 

 5. 
Weed seedlings are most susceptible to herbicides when they are:
a.
stunted due todrought
c.
deficient in nutrients, such as nitrogen
b.
vigorous and actively growing
d.
slow growing due to coldweather
 

 6. 

A farmer calibrating a sprayerwith a 60-foot boom has applied 0.35 gal in 50 feet. What is the rate of application in gal/acre ofthe sprayer? (acre=43,560 ft2)
a.
5.1
b.
14.5
c.
30.5
d.
245.1
 

 7. 

Corn for silage should beharvested when the:
a.
grain is half milk to black layerstage
b.
grain is in “milk” or roasting earstage
c.
plant has reached maximum wet weight stage
d.
whole plant moisture is about 55%
 

 8. 

Corn is a member of which plantfamily?
a.
lily
b.
legume
c.
nightshade
d.
grass
 

 9. 

The plant nutrient which istypically applied at about one (1) pound per expected bushel yield per acre is:
a.
calcium
b.
nitrogen
c.
phosphorus
d.
potassium
 

 10. 

The life cycle of cornis:
a.
Spring annual
b.
Winter annual
c.
Biennial
d.
Perennial
 

 11. 

The official standard testweight for a bushel of corn for grain marketing is:
a.
32
b.
48
c.
56
d.
60
 

 12. 

Establishing a uniform stand ofcorn is enhanced when high quality seed is planted at the optimum date and at a depthof:
a.
3/4 to 1 inches
c.
1 1/2 to 2 1/2 inches
b.
1 to 2 inches
d.
2 1/2 to 3 1/2 inches
 

 13. 

If the soil is acidic, the pHcan be made more neutral by the addition of:
a.
agriculturallime
c.
green manure
b.
barnyardmanure
d.
ammonium nitrate
 

 14. 

The feed value of corn silageis primarily determined by:
a.
the number of plants peracre
b.
the grain content of the silage
c.
the tonnage (yield) of silage per acre
d.
the type of storage, ie. pit, bunker, stave, glass linedsilo
 

 15. 

Corn for grain is safe fromfrost, i.e. no yield loss will occur when:
a.
the corn is at the dentstage
c.
the leaves are dying
b.
the silks have driedup
d.
the black layer has been formed
 

 16. 

This nutrient is very importantto improve stalk strength and lodging resistance in corn:
a.
Boron
b.
Nitrogen
c.
Phosphorus
d.
Potassium
 

 17. 

Which one of the following isNOT a factor in determining the amount of fertilizer to apply?
a.
soil structure
c.
soil organic matter
b.
soil test results
d.
crop rotation
 

 18. 

The highest “safe”moisture content for storage of shelled corn in the fall without further drying:
a.
10
b.
13.5
c.
15
d.
17.5
 

 19. 

A good 4-year rotation sequencewith corn is:
a.
Alfalfa, alfalfa, soybeans, corn
c.
Corn, corn, corn,corn
b.
Oats, alfalfa, alfalfa, corn
d.
Wheat, canning peas, corn,corn
 

 20. 

You are doing a yield check ina field. The average of 3 samples, 30 feet long and 30 inch rows is 10.4 lbs of grain. How manypounds per acre is this field yielding?
a.
5034
b.
6040
c.
2013
d.
9360
 

 21. 

If the field you were checkingfor yield was at 28% moisture and the weighed yield was 186 but with test weight of 52 lbs/but, howmany bushels would you have after drying to 15.5% and a final weight of 55.8lbs/but?
a.
110
b.
143
c.
147
d.
158
 

 22. 

The corn insect that can dodamage to both silks and roots is:
a.
corn earworm
b.
cutworm
c.
corn borer
d.
corn root worm
 

 23. 

Corn is most susceptible tomoisture stress at which stage of development?
a.
tassel initiation approximately 6th leafstage
b.
ear shoot initiation- approximately 8-10 leafstage
c.
tassel emergence
d.
early milk stage
 

 24. 

Barley is thought to haveoriginated or is native to:
a.
the U.S.
c.
the Mediterraneanarea
b.
northern Europe
d.
southeast Asia
 

 25. 

Barley, based on species anduse, belongs to a group of crop plants known as:
a.
cereals
b.
dicots
c.
vegetables
d.
pulses
 

 26. 

Barley is classified as amember of the ___ family of plants.
a.
sedge
b.
composite
c.
legume
d.
grass
 

 27. 

The first true leaf of barleyis protected as it grows through the soil during the germination and emergence by the_____?
a.
epicotyl
b.
mesocotyl
c.
hypocotyl
d.
coleoptile
 

 28. 

The stage preceding the“boot” stage of development in the barley plant is:
a.
heading
b.
tillering
c.
anthesis
d.
jointing (rapid stem elongation and leafgrowth)
 

 29. 

The “flag” leaf isimportant photosynthetically to grain production because it is:
a.
in the center of the plant canopy
b.
near the bottom of the plant canopy
c.
surrounds the grain at the top of the plant
d.
the last leaf to die
 

 30. 

Seed treatment with a systemicfungicide will be most effective in controlling which barley disease?
a.
leaf rust
b.
spot blotch
c.
ergot
d.
loose smut
 

 31. 

High quality barley seed shouldhave a high percentage of ___?
a.
inertmatter
b.
other crop seeds
c.
dormant seed
d.
pure, live seed
 

 32. 

A farmer inspects barley in astorage bin and finds granary weevils present. The insects probably:
a.
came with the grain from the field
b.
came from the use of untreated seed
c.
were in the storage bin when filled
d.
migrated from southern locations on the air (wind) currents
 

 33. 

When buying or selling barley,a bushel weighs ____ pounds.
a.
32
b.
48
c.
56
d.
60
 

 34. 

In selecting a malting varietyof barley to grow, a farmer must pay close attention to the following trait:
a.
seed cost
c.
lodging resistance
b.
seed quality (ie. %germination)
d.
maturity
 

 35. 

Because of barley’s modeof pollination your seed for a crop intended for malting is most likely:
a.
foundation seed
c.
hybrid seed
b.
Anheuser-Busch No.1
d.
seed from last year’s crop
 

 36. 

To make malt from barley itmust first be:
a.
boiled
b.
germinated
c.
ground
d.
roasted
 

 37. 

In marketing barley,“dockage” refers to:
a.
coarse and fine material separated byscreens
b.
non-malting quality grain
c.
other grain separated by hand picking
d.
inert matter, other crops and weed seed
 

 38. 

One of the major storageproblems with barley is heat damage which may occur when moisture contents of the grain storageexceeds what percentage?
a.
13
b.
15.5
c.
18
d.
22
 

 39. 

Lodging in barley is mostlikely to occur as a result of:
a.
2 times normal seedingrate
b.
seeding 10 days later than normal
c.
applying fertilizer for an expected yield of 100 bushel
d.
making 2 applications of MCPA and Stampede for broadleaf and grass weedcontrol
 

 40. 

Number of acres in a field of1250 feet x 1742 feet is approximately:
a.
25
b.
30
c.
35
d.
50
 

 41. 

The barley disease‘yellow dwarf’ is caused by a virus that is transferred from plant to plantby:
a.
wind
c.
aphid feeding
b.
raindropsplash
d.
grasshopper chewing
 

 42. 

The inflorescence (head) ofbarley is considered a:
a.
panicle
b.
raceme
c.
spike
d.
umbel
 

 43. 

In evaluating the quality ofbarley grain it is often necessary to “partially grind” the grain to remove the hulls(lemma and palea) in order to inspect the kernel for heat and other damages. This is knownas:
a.
degluming
b.
grinding
c.
pearling
d.
quality control
 



 
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