Multiple
Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
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| 1. | What is a
foal? a. | a female yearling | c. | a newly born horse | b. | a one-year-old horse | d. | a male horse under 4 years old | | | | |
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| 2. | How old are
weanlings? a. | from 4 to 8 months of age | c. | 4 years old and
under | b. | two years old | d. | as old as
fillies | | | | |
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| 3. | A yearling is a. | a horse that is at least two years old | c. | a male foal | b. | a mature horse | d. | a horse that is one year old | | | | |
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| 4. | Which of these has the highest
protein requirements, as a percentage of the total ration? a. | two-year-olds | b. | yearlings | c. | weanlings | d. | mature horses | | | | | | | | |
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| 5. | How long is a foal in its
mother’s womb; in other words, how long does gestation last in horses? a. | 2 months | b. | 9 months | c. | 330-345 days | d. | 90 days | | | | | | | | |
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| 6. | How soon after it is born does
a foal usually start to drink milk? a. | within a few
minutes | c. | not until someone shows the foal how | b. | within 24 hours | d. | within 3 hours | | | | |
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| 7. | What is
lactation? a. | a mare’s producing milk | c. | a foal’s drinking its mother’s
milk | b. | a mare’s carrying a foal | d. | supplementing a mare’s milk with
feed | | | | |
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| 8. | Colostrum, which is the first
milk produced by a mare, provides a foal with a. | extra energy | b. | antibodies to protect its system from disease | c. | calcium and phosphorus for bone growth | d. | appetite | | |
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| 9. | How long does a foal nurse, at
least occasionally? a. | up to 4 to 8 months after it is
born | b. | for about 10 days | c. | a year or more | d. | until the mare has lost weight gained
during pregnancy | | |
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| 10. | If a mare is lactating
normally, the foal generally won’t start nibbling on solid food until a. | about 2-4 weeks of age | c. | six months of age | b. | four months of age | d. | its mother forces it to stop nursing | | | | |
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| 11. | How soon after nursing begins
does the nutritional content of a mare’s milk decline significantly? a. | four months | c. | two weeks | b. | one month | d. | when the foal starts eating solid
food | | | | |
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| 12. | How soon after foaling is it
recommended that the foal be introduced to small amounts of feed for foals? a. | one month | c. | four months | b. | two weeks | d. | after the mare refuses to
nurse | | | | |
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| 13. | The first feeding of solid food
to foals should be done a. | in very small, controlled amounts, by
hand | b. | with a creep feeder | c. | as often as possible | d. | with hay, not commercial
food | | |
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| 14. | Which of these needs the
greatest amount of food, in percentage of total body weight? a. | weanlings | b. | yearlings | c. | two-year-olds | d. | mature horses | | | | | | | | |
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| 15. | About what percentage of its
body weight should a weanling eat every day? a. | about 10
percent | c. | about 5 percent | b. | between 1 and 2
percent | d. | between 2 and 3.5 percent | | | | |
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| 16. | Weanlings should
eat a. | more forage than grain | b. | about three times as much grain as
forage | c. | about the same amount and forage as
two-year-olds | d. | whenever and whatever they like | | |
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| 17. | How long does a horse take to
mature? a. | about one year | c. | five years | b. | between 24 and 48 months | d. | 9 months | | | | |
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| 18. | Early growth rates in horses
have been tied to all of the following except: a. | extra energy
intake | b. | genetic predisposition | c. | eating no commercially prepared horse feeds | d. | extra calcium and phosphorus intake | | |
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| 19. | One reason for promoting early
growth in young horses is that: a. | horses forced to grow early are usually
healthier in later life | b. | early growth is one of the criteria for
judging potential performance | c. | horses that mature early exhibit fewer
stable vices | d. | forcing early growth is more economical for the
owner | | |
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| 20. | How old is a horse when it
begins race training? a. | any age over 3
months | c. | about 18 months old | b. | about two years
old | d. | between 24 and 48 months old | | | | |
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| 21. | Which of these provides the
most desirable roughage for a young horse? a. | hay that has been dried for at least six
months | b. | textured commercial feed | c. | fresh legume or grass hay | d. | oats hay | | |
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| 22. | A young horse from which
significant early growth is expected must be fed a. | more food but less often that other young
horses | b. | extra energy, but less than normal fiber | c. | less energy than usual, but more fiber | d. | extra energy, minerals, and vitamins | | |
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| 23. | What do the initials DOD stand
for? a. | developmental orthopedic disease | c. | disorders of the
digestion | b. | diatetic and overall diagnosis | d. | dietary overweight
disorder | | | | |
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| 24. | Which of these are symptoms of
DOD? a. | contracted tendons | b. | enlargements of the knee, ankles, and
hocks | c. | frequent lameness | d. | all of these are correct | | |
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| 25. | DOD in young horses is a result
of a combination of general predisposition, stress and a. | feeding for early growth | c. | indoor exercise | b. | an improperly balanced diet | d. | low birth weight | | | | |
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| 26. | Why do some horse owners add
fat or oil to young horses’ diets? a. | to cut down on colic and
gas | c. | for extra energy | b. | to make digestion
smoother | d. | for extra vitamins and minerals | | | | |
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| 27. | If an owner adds high energy to
a diet without adding other nutrients, a. | the horse will compensate by eating more
salt | b. | the horse will compensate by eating more hay | c. | the horse will deposit fat and become overweight | d. | the horse will want to exercise more | | |
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| 28. | Once they are weaned, young
horses should eat solid food that consists of a. | roughage and an energy concentrate,
usually cereal grains | b. | dried hay | c. | oats and alfalfa | d. | protein
supplements | | |
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| 29. | The amount of water a horse
needs to drink every day is about a. | 10 gallons | c. | one gallon for each pound of
feed | b. | 15 gallons | d. | one half gallon for each pound of feed | | | | |
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| 30. | Horses from which an owner
expects greater early growth a. | should be weaned as late as
possible | b. | will usually be taller than other horses | c. | have the same energy needs as mature horses | d. | should be fed and exercised properly | | |
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| 31. | Decisions on how much to feed a
growing horse should be based on a. | the owner’s daily
schedule | b. | the horse’s height | c. | the horse’s weight and desired growth rate | d. | the horse’s genetic predisposition | | |
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| 32. | Which of these sentences
correctly describes how a young horse should be exercised? a. | All exercises should be on firm ground to avoid injuries to growing bones and
muscles | b. | Since horses are creatures of habit, they should be exercised
rigorously from the very beginning | c. | Young horses should be exercised in
confined spaces until their behavior calms down enough to let them loose | d. | Small amounts of forced exercise on firm ground should be balanced by longer periods
of free exercise on soft ground | | |
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| 33. | Which of these develops first
in growing horses? a. | the estrus
cycle | c. | the skeletal system | b. | the muscular
cycle | d. | the reproductive system | | | | |
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| 34. | Which of these phrases
describes the best hay for growing horses? a. | many insects, which prove the plants are
desirable food | b. | light yellow, with many varieties of weeds | c. | light green, sweet-smelling, with many leaves | d. | musty smelling and powdery | | |
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| 35. | Which two minerals affect the
bone development of a growing horse? a. | potassium and
niacin | c. | salt and sugar | b. | calcium and
phosphorus | d. | phosphorus and lysine | | | | |
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| 36. | About how much do foals gain in
their first year of life? a. | about 2 or 3 pounds a
day | b. | about 1000 pounds | c. | about 1 pound for every pound of feed | d. | twice as much each month than the month before | | |
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| 37. | Oats and alfalfa, a popular
feeding combination for growing horses, a. | does not always meet a young horses’
nutritional needs | b. | is usually the most economical
feed | c. | is preferred by most horses even over fresh
forage | d. | has too low a fiber content for growing
horses | | |
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| 38. | Lysine is a. | a type of fungus that develops in fescue grass | b. | an amino acid needed by young, growing horses | c. | the main source of calcium and phosphorus for horses | d. | a vitamin supplement for young horses | | |
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| 39. | Which of these concentrates has
the highest amount of lysine? a. | linseed
meal | b. | oats | c. | corn | d. | soybean meal | | | | | | | | |
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| 40. | A feed tag usually contains all
of the following except a. | the percentage of fiber in the
feed | b. | the number of calories in the feed | c. | the percentage of crude protein in the feed | d. | the percentage of calcium and phosphorus in the feed | | |
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| 41. | What is creep
feeding? a. | feeding calcium, roughage, energy, and
phosphorus | b. | feeding horses from troughs that are low along the
ground | c. | feeding young horses with commercial pellets | d. | feeding young horses prior to weaning | | |
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| 42. | What are so-called
“complete” feed pellets often preferred for creep feeding? a. | Pellets keep young horses from sorting through the feed | b. | Young teeth cannot chew solid food | c. | Pellets contain more nutrients than fresh forage | d. | Mares usually leave the pellets alone | | |
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| 43. | Overfeeding alfalfa, hay or
other roughage to a young horse can result in a. | stall
vices | c. | deficiency of energy in the diet | b. | constipation | d. | deficiency of vitamin B in the diet | | | | |
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| 44. | The relative amounts of calcium
and phosphorus in feed is expressed in a. | the Condition Scoring
System | c. | calories and grams | b. | the Ca:P
ration | d. | units of digestible energy | | | | |
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| 45. | A well-balanced creep feed
should include Ca:P ratios of a. | about 3 to
1 | c. | between 1.2 and 1.6 and 1 | b. | about 2 to
1 | d. | about 5 to 1 | | | | |
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| 46. | A young horse should be given
all the water it wants to drink except a. | if it is
free-grazing | c. | at night | b. | while it is
eating | d. | after heavy exercise | | | | |
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| 47. | Which of these young horses is
gaining the least weight per day, as a percentage of body weight? a. | a yearling | b. | a two-year-old | c. | a weaning | d. | a foal | | | | | | | | |
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| 48. | The main sources of energy in
the diet of a young horse a. | proteins | b. | carbohydrates | c. | liquids | d. | minerals | | | | | | | | |
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| 49. | If a young horse is not worked
for two to three days, a. | its grain intake should be reduced to keep
horses from tying up when they are exercised again | b. | it should be fed less fiber but more vitamins | c. | it should be given more water | d. | it should be given extra roughage to prevent constipation | | |
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| 50. | Which of these young horses
needs the largest number of digestible calories per day? a. | a weanling | b. | a yearling | c. | a two-year-old | d. | a foal | | | | | | | | |
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