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Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. |
| | 1. | _____ thinning is freeing the crowns of the best and biggest trees. | a. | Cleaning | c. | Selection | | b. | 1/3 live crown ratio | d. | Crown | | | | | | |
| | 2. | A conifer that sheds all its’ leaves in the fall in the southern forest is the _________. | a. | Southern white oak | c. | Bald cypress | | b. | Loblolly pine | d. | Mangroves | | | | | | |
| | 3. | National Forests are managed by the U.S. Forest Service for ____________. | a. | Multiple use | c. | Grazing | | b. | Minerals development | d. | Trees | | | | | | |
| | 4. | Those fires that consume the foliage of trees and are most difficult t control are? | a. | Ground fires | c. | Crown fires | | b. | Topography fires | d. | Surface fires | | | | | | |
| | 5. | One of the more important man caused hazards is ...which causes more damage than forest fires? | a. | Grazing by cattle | c. | Equipment traffic | | b. | Logging | d. | Recreation | | | | | | |
| | 6. | Forest fires occur in every month of the year and the greatest number of occurrences are likely from? | a. | November until January | c. | January until March | | b. | December until January | d. | March until June | | | | | | |
| | 7. | The reduction of tree growth and reduced vigor by the withdrawal of sap to the point where the tree or its portions die is done by? | a. | Sucking insects | c. | Twig and stem feeders | | b. | Leaf miner insects | d. | Defoliator insects | | | | | | |
| | 8. | The diameter of the large end of a cut log | a. | The diameter of the large end of a cut log | | b. | The diameter of a standing tree measured 4.5 feet above ground | | c. | The diameter of a tree measured inside bark at breast height | | d. | The diameter of a tree measured 6 feet above ground | | | | |
| | 9. | How many board feet is in a board with a width of 12”, a thickness of 2”, and a length of 24”: | a. | 2 bd.ft. | b. | 4 bd.ft. | c. | 24 bd.ft. | d. | None | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 10. | The diameter of a cut log (scaling diameter) is measured: | a. | At the small end of inside the bark | c. | At the small end outside bark | | b. | At DBH outside bark | d. | At the large end inside bark | | | | | | |
| | 11. | Which is not an example of a defect when scaling a log: | a. | Heart rot | c. | Sound knots | | b. | Crook or sweep | d. | Lightning of frost cracks | | | | | | |
| | 12. | When estimating the bd. ft. volume in a tree the Doyle log rule volume: | a. | Will always be less than the International | | b. | Will always be more than the International | | c. | Will be more than the International for the smaller sizes of trees | | d. | Will be less than the International for the smaller sizes of trees | | | | |
| | 13. | The minimum size board permitted in the hardwood lumber grade FAS should be: | a. | 8” wide | b. | 6” wide | c. | 4” wide | d. | 3” wide | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 14. | Tree seedlings that are marked 3-0 are: | a. | Grown 3 years in the seedbed | | b. | Grown 3 years in the transplant bed | | c. | Have a 3 inch taproot | | d. | Have been grown for 3 years with no management | | | | |
| | 15. | Fall planting of bar rooted seedlings in northern climates is usually not recommended due to the problem of: | a. | Wildlife eating the seedlings | c. | Frost-heaving of the seedlings | | b. | Freezing of the seedlings | d. | Ice and snow damage to the seedlings | | | | | | |
| | 16. | Native pines grow best in soils which are: | a. | High in clay | c. | Neutral in PH | | b. | Somewhat acid | d. | Somewhat alkaline | | | | | | |
| | 17. | Whether hand planting of machine planting it is important to: | a. | Plant a handful of trees at a time | c. | Use good equipment | | b. | Keep the tree roots damp at all times | d. | Count all trees | | | | | | |
| | 18. | When transplanting seedlings they should be planted... than they grew in the nursery. | a. | 2 inches deeper | b. | 1 inch deeper | c. | No deeper | d. | 1/2 inch higher | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 19. | During a forest fire the steeper the slope the: | a. | More likely the fire will change direction | | b. | More rapidly the fire advances | | c. | Easier it is to fight the fire | | d. | More slowly the fire advances | | | | |
| | 20. | The inflammability of all forest materials is determined primarily by: | a. | The moisture content | c. | The air temperature | | b. | The wind direction | d. | The oxygen content | | | | | | |
| | 21. | What species of Hickory is most likely to be found on a dry ridge top? | a. | Shell bark | b. | Pignut | c. | Bitternut | d. | Shag bark | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 22. | A plowed strip several feet wide which is kept open and free of vegetation throughout a forest plantation is a/an: | a. | Access road | b. | Plowed strip | c. | Logging road | d. | Firebreak | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 23. | As a general rule: | a. | The larger the trees the fewer per acre there are needed for a forest to be fully stocked | | b. | In a well managed forest for all size classes the number of trees per acre should remain the same | | c. | The smaller the trees the fewer per acre there are needed for a forest to be fully stocked | | d. | In an understocked forest total growth is less because the trees crowd and stunt each other | | | | |
| | 24. | Which of the following is not a reason for thinning a stand of trees: | a. | To produce a crop in a shorter period of time | | b. | To maintain the growth and vigor of the remaining trees | | c. | To help favor the growth of certain trees | | d. | To reduce the need for pruning | | | | |
| | 25. | The selection silvicultural system is: | a. | Used only with shade intolerant species | | b. | Used to create or maintain uneven-aged stands of trees | | c. | Used mainly in pulpwood management | | d. | Used to regenerate even-aged stands of large old growth timber | | | | |
| | 26. | Pine which have 5 needles in a fascicle are: | a. | Eastern white pine | c. | Virginia pine | | b. | Red pine | d. | Eastern white and Virginia pine | | | | | | |
| | 27. | The arrangement of buds on a maple twig are: | a. | Alternate | b. | Whorled | c. | Opposite | d. | Superposed | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 28. | Which of the following tree species have pinnately compound leaves: | a. | Oak | b. | Yellow-poplar | c. | Walnut | d. | Sweetgum | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 29. | The determination of total length after the point of minimum diameter is done by using: | a. | A planimeter | c. | A merritt hypsometer | | b. | A biltmore stick | d. | A compass | | | | | | |
| | 30. | The most important method used in determining the merchantable length of a tree is: | a. | Knowing total height of the trees | | b. | Finding smallest diameter of log and estimating the height where this occurs | | c. | Counting the branches | | d. | Finding largest diameter of log and estimating the height where this occurs | | | | |
| | 31. | Which cannot be measured using aerial photographs? | a. | Tree height | b. | Number of trees | c. | Tree crown size | d. | Stem diameter | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 32. | The hypsometer is used for height determinations by standing...from the base of the tree | a. | 33 feet | b. | 44 feet | c. | 16 feet | d. | 66 feet | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 33. | What forest type would contain maple and basswood? | a. | Oak savanna | c. | Southern hardwood | | b. | Prairie | d. | Pine savanna | | | | | | |
| | 34. | Which of the following tree species have simple leaves: | a. | Oak | b. | Maple | c. | Hickory | d. | Oak and Maple | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 35. | Under the United States Public Land Survey a township is: | a. | Divided into 4 sections | c. | Divided into 36 sections | | b. | Divided into 36 counties | d. | Divided into 4 quarters | | | | | | |
| | 36. | On maps lines that connect points of equal elevation are: | a. | Elevation lines | c. | Contour lines | | b. | Interval lines | d. | Topographic lines | | | | | | |
| | 37. | A pesticide label: | a. | Is a legal document that must be followed by anyone using the pesticide | | b. | Should always be read before using the pesticide | | c. | Must contain a warning that tells you how the product may be hazardous | | d. | All of these answers are correct | | | | |
| | 38. | A section is generally: | a. | A square 1 mile on a side | c. | A square 36 miles on a side | | b. | A square 2 miles on a side | d. | A square 4 miles on a side | | | | | | |
| | 39. | Christmas trees are sheared to: | a. | Improve the root growth | | b. | Control height and width and to develop a uniform taper | | c. | Increase the growth of the leader and make the tree a deep green | | d. | Shorten the time it takes to grow them to a specific size | | | | |
| | 40. | A stereoscope is used to: | a. | Measure a tract of land on a map | | b. | Determine the diameter of a tree | | c. | Measure right angles | | d. | View overlapping pairs of aerial photographs | | | | |
| | 41. | The ability of the tree to survive and grow in the shade is: | a. | Species adaptation | c. | Its growth index | | b. | Shade tolerance | d. | Sun tolerance | | | | | | |
| | 42. | Which one of the trees listed below is not easily damaged by fire? | a. | Virginia pine | b. | American birch | c. | Yellow-poplar | d. | Black oak | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 43. | In what type of forest would widely spaced jack red and white pine be found: | a. | Southern hardwood | c. | Oak savanna | | b. | Boreal forest | d. | Pine savanna | | | | | | |
| | 44. | You own a five ton capacity logging truck and sell your wood by volume instead of by weight. What tree would you cut to make the most profit per trip? | a. | Red oak | b. | Virginia pine | c. | American elm | d. | Scarlet oak | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 45. | The diameter of a tree is measured in inches at a point ... above the ground: | a. | 3 feet | b. | 4 1/2 feet | c. | 2 feet | d. | 5 feet | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 46. | The recording of the measurements for D.B.H. and height is done by: | a. | Using a graph | c. | Completely writing out measurements | | b. | Using a dot dash system | d. | Using a number letter system | | | | | | |
| | 47. | The reduction of tree growth and vigor by the withdrawal of sap is done by: | a. | Sucking insects | c. | Bark beetles | | b. | Leafminers | d. | Defoliator insects | | | | | | |
| | 48. | Which of these maple trees can be identified by having a compound leaf: | a. | Sugar maple | b. | Red maple | c. | Boxelder | d. | All are correct | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 49. | A board foot is a piece of wood: | a. | 1 inch wide by 1 inch thick by 2 feet in length | | b. | 12 inches wide by 12 inches thick by 1 foot in length | | c. | 2 inches wide by 2 inches thick by 2 feet in length | | d. | 12 inches wide by 1 inch thick by 1 foot in length | | | | |
| | 50. | Which of the following is not a valid reason for reforestation by tree planting? | a. | To improve wildlife habitat | | b. | To protect soil from wind erosion | | c. | To remove unwanted species of trees | | d. | To produce a forest crop such as pulpwood | | | | |