2003 National Poultry Test

Name:

Multiple Choice

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Within the poultry industry, where is genetic selection and breeding selection primarily done?

a.	on large breeding farms
b.	at agricultural colleges
c.	on individual commercial production farms
d.	at breed associations

Poultry belong to the class Aves and have the following anatomical and physiological characteristics:

a.	feathers, triped, cold-blooded, and a four-chambered heart.
b.	modified hair, triped, warm-blooded, and a two-chambered heart.
c.	feathers, biped, warm-blooded, and a three-chambered heart.
d.	feathers, biped, warm-blooded, and a four-chambered heart.

Functions of the integumentary system include:

a.	protection, temperature regulation, and development of primary sex characteristics.
b.	protection, temperature regulation, development of secondary sex characteristics, and flight.
c.	environmental exploration, survival, and reproduction.
d.	digestion, eating, and elimination.

Three groupings of feathers on the bird called or classed as coverts include the:

a.	bow coverts, wing coverts, and saddle coverts.
b.	bow coverts, wing coverts, and primary coverts.
c.	tail coverts, secondary coverts, and primary coverts.
d.	tail coverts wing coverts, and primary coverts.

For most breeds of fowl, in what areas does feather appearance usually differ between the sexes?

a.	fluff, neck, back, and saddle
b.	neck, back, hackle, cape, and tail selections
c.	neck, back, saddle, and tail selections
d.	No selection is usually different between the sexes when referring to feather shape and appearance; only color in the neck, back, saddle, and tail selections differ between the sexes.

If you apply what you learned about avian anatomy from the Poultry Science Manual study materials, which of the following statements is most accurate?

a.	Sounds such as crowing and singing would be expected to come from the bird’s voice box; otherwise known as the lower larynx or syrinx.
b.	Crowing sound is developed in the air sacs.
c.	Birds have an upper and lower larynx, and surgical modification of the upper larynx could be done to reduce crowing.
d.	The air sacs are an extension system of blood vessels, and surgery to remove these sacs to eliminate crowing would lead to extensive blood loss.

A broody state in the female bird is most directly related to the functioning of the hormone .

a.	Oxytocin	b.	Prolactin	c.	estrogen	d.	testosterone

Which of the following groups of symptoms is characteristic of Perosis?

a.	a mass of cartilage (cartilage plug) at the end of the leg bone
b.	a twisted neck, stumbling, and general emaciation
c.	gas and bad breath
d.	swollen hocks and slipped tendons in the leg

Air sacs are:

a.	non-expandable, non-lobed, and partly imbedded in the ribs.
b.	extremely thin, transparent, and mostly devoid of blood vessels.
c.	small bag-like structures that assist in the orientation and balance of the bird while in flight.
d.	common to mammals and birds.

10.

Which of the following diseases would require the immediate vaccination of a non-vaccinated poultry flock to assist in controlling an outbreak of the disease?

a.	laryngotracheitis	b.	Marek’s	c.	necrotic enteritis	d.	pullorum

11.

To reduce bird losses, the first and most important action for a poultry producer would be to:

a.	vaccinate and medicate.
b.	medicate and supplement with vitamins and electrolytes.
c.	raise the brooding temperature
d.	take action to identify the cause of the disease.

12.

Which of the following is the toxic gas that can be emitted in concentrations that may prove deadly to humans during the pump-out or agitation of manure pits?

a.	Carbon monoxide	c.	cyanide gas
b.	carbon dioxide	d.	hydrogen sulfide

13.

The bedding material and manure mixture on the floor of nearly all broiler houses is considered one of the systems of manure storage referred to as floor storage. From a management standpoint, this system has what disadvantage when compared to other storage systems?

a.	cost
b.	maintenance and repair expenses and expansion required
c.	smell (odor)
d.	constraints on management, such as the requirement for waste removal when the house is empty of birds

14.

The composting process would be expected to cause which of the following results to the original materials, such as poultry waste or dead chickens?

a.	increases in weight and protein level
b.	decrease in weight and increase in moisture level
c.	reductions of volume, weight, and moisture content
d.	increases in odor and reactivity

15.

The first step in proper use of poultry wastes as a fertilizer is to determine:

a.	the moisture level of the waste.
b.	quantity expected and hauling costs.
c.	available nutrients in the waste.
d.	costs of commercial fertilizers.

16.

The total heat energy content of an air mixture is made up of two components referred to as sensible heat and latent heat. Suppose you are given a condition of perfectly dry air (0% relative humidity) at 98ºF dry bulb temperature having a wet bulb (WB) temperature of 56ºF. If moisture evaporates into this dry air and cools the air toward the WB temperature, what are the expected consequences or effects on the heat energy of the air?

a.	This is an example of adiabatic cooling; however, the total energy content of the air mixture remains unchanged.
b.	This is anabolic chilling with heat loss.
c.	It is inappropriate to make any assumptions relative to heat energy because the volume of the air column increases.
d.	None of the these are correct.

17.

Which of the following is true?

a.	Evaporative cooling will work in most parts of the United States.
b.	Evaporative cooling is only effective at nights in Missouri, Arkansas, Virginia, and Georgia.
c.	In actual commercial practice utilizing evaporative cooling systems, the air may be cooled down to the wet bulb temperature.
d.	In actual commercial practice utilizing evaporative cooling systems, the air may be only cooled down to within 10ºF of the wet bulb temperature.

18.

According to the historic development of poultry marketing, which of the following introduced Americans to the concept of only purchasing the parts of the chicken that they prefer?

a.	fast food restaurant
b.	supermarket and, in particular, the deli section
c.	upscale supermarket
d.	institutional market

19.

Within the United States, the selective demand for the white meat of the chicken has resulted in:

a.	increased importation of white meat.
b.	increased exportation of other poultry products.
c.	declining price and value across the poultry industry.
d.	redefining a greater portion of the carcass identified white meat and modification of the dark meat by color removal to increase the portions that are sold as white meat.

20.

Which of the following is true about the U.S. poultry industry?

a.	Vertical integration eliminates many middle companies.
b.	Vertical integration increases the price of the product.
c.	Vertical integration decreases the availability and distribution of product.
d.	Most vertically integrated poultry production companies are headquartered in the areas of consumption, not in the areas of production.

21.

With respect to FSIS-USDA labeling requirements, meat held below _____ must be labeled as “frozen” or “previously frozen.”

a.	32ºF	b.	0ºC	c.	-2ºC	d.	0ºF

22.

The first basic step in poultry processing is:

a.	turning lights off
b.	withdrawal of feed and water
c.	hanging on kill line
d.	catching, loading, and transporting

23.

Which of the following is NOT a correct statement regarding quality factors for poultry carcasses and parts?

a.	The structure or shape of the bird may affect the distribution and amount of meat, while certain defects detract from the bird’s appearance.
b.	The drumsticks, thighs, and breast may carry the bulk of the meat.
c.	Fat in poultry is judged entirely by accumulation under the skin.
d.	Processors try to eliminate the problem of feathers by moving poultry to slaughter before feathering cycles are completed.

24.

Refrigerated trucks hauling wholesale eggs must be:

a.	well insulated on all surfaces and doors to maintain egg quality during extreme weather conditions.
b.	pre-cooled before loading and transporting the eggs.
c.	equipped with racks to provide uniform air circulation around the eggs.
d.	All of these statements are correct.