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1999 National Poultry Test



Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 

When evaluating precooked breaded chicken patties, which of the following is not considered “foreign material”?

a.

mouse dropping(s)

c.

insect(s)

b.

filler material

d.

hair(s)

 

 2. 

The discoloration and dehydration of poultry skin during storage is commonly called:

a.

blue back

c.

bruising

b.

appreciable meat yield loss

d.

freezer burn

 

 3. 

An egg shell is composed of three layers and constitutes approximately 11 percent of total egg weight. Which of the following are the three shell layers?

a.

chalaziferous, inner thin, and outer thin

c.

mamillary,spongy,and cuticle

b.

allantois, amniotic,and uterine

d.

epidermis,dermis,and subcutaneous

 

 4. 

The various species of poultry belong to the class Aves. Which of the following common types of poultry is a member of the order Anseriformes?

a.

ducks

b.

chickens

c.

turkeys

d.

pheasant

 

 5. 

The breast muscles of chickens and turkeys are very light in color because of a low level of                 pigment.

a.

hemoglobin

b.

myoglobin

c.

melanic

d.

xanthophyll

 

 6. 

Avian red blood cells differ from those of animals because they:

a.

transport oxygen

c.

are nucleated

b.

contain hemoglobin

d.

are formed by the skeletal system

 

 7. 

Which part of the avian digestive system stores and softens food? It is believed that this structure’s “degree of fullness” is involved in regulating feeding activity.

a.

ingulvies

b.

cecum

c.

proventriculis

d.

jejunum

 

 8. 

Pterylae is/are the:

a.

Genus name for pheasants

c.

feather tracts found in a fowl’s skin

b.

scientific name for a fowl’s wattles

d.

cartilaginous rings composing the trachea of birds

 

 9. 

In modern poultry production and management systems, respiratory infections are common problems that confront producers. Which of the following plays a role in the susceptibility of birds to the occurrence of respiratory infections?

a.

high concentrations of dust

b.

the fact that the nine air sacs which form part of the avian respiratory system are mostly devoid of blood vessels

c.

Both high concentrations of dust or the fact that the nine air sacs which form part of the avian respiratory system are mostly devoid of blood vessels

d.

Neither high concentrations of dust or the fact that the nine air sacs which form part of the avian respiratory system are mostly devoid of blood vessels

 

 10. 

Factors such as nutritional deficiencies, toxic poisons, and injuries are frequently the causes of:

a.

noninfectious diseases

b.

infectious diseases

c.

Both noninfectious diseases and infectious diseases

d.

Neither noninfectious diseases or infectious diseases

 

 11. 

Which of the following forms of immunity is an example of “passive immunity”?

a.

immunity resulting from vaccination

b.

immunity resulting from direct exposure to a disease

c.

immunity from the hen to the chick by the way of the egg

d.

none of these are examples of passive immunity

 

 12. 

Egg transmission is the “major mode of transmission” for which of the following diseases?

a.

Infectious Coryza

c.

Mycoplasmosis (MG)

b.

Fowl Pox

d.

Aspergillosis

 

 13. 

Which of the following “major gross symptoms” is not associated with the poultry disease Infectious Bronchitis?

a.

a decline or drop in egg production

c.

poor shell quality

b.

respiratory stress

d.

swelling around the face and eyes

 

 14. 

Rickets is caused by a lack of ninerlization of the bone resulting from a deficiency of calcium, phosphorous, and/or vitamin D. Which is the “most probable cause” of rickets?

a.

a deficiency of the mineral phosphorous

b.

a deficiency of the mineral calcium

c.

an imbalance between the minerals phosphorus and calcium

d.

a vitamin D deficiency

 

 15. 

Following processing, ready-to-cook broilers should be chilled at least                degrees F internal temperature.

a.

40

b.

32

c.

50

d.

45

 

 16. 

A bird relies almost completely on                 and                  for its excess heat disposal.

a.

convection and radiation

b.

conduction and evaporation

c.

dehumidification and evaporative cooling

d.

perspiration and panting

 

 17. 

Formula for Dead Poultry Composting
Material                       Parts by Weight
Poultry Manure            20 to 30
Poultry Carcasses        10
Wheat Straw                1
Water (add sparingly)  0 to 5

According to the chart provided, as a method for disposing of dead birds by composting, what is the appropriate ratio (parts by weight) or poultry manure to poultry carcasses?

a.

2 to 3 parts poultry manure to 1 part poultry carcasses

b.

1 part poultry manure to 2 to 3 parts poultry carcasses

c.

20 to 30 parts poultry manure to 10 parts poultry carcasses

d.

Both 2 to 3 parts poultry manure to 1 part poultry carcasses and 20 to 30 parts poultry manure to 10 parts poultry carcasses are correct

 

 18. 

Using this parts by weight ratio (20 to 30 parts poultry manure to 10 parts poultry carcasses) and assuming a producer has 10,000 pounds of poultry manure available for composting, what are the maximum pounds of poultry carcasses the producer will be able to compost (assume maximum efficiency)?

a.

2,00 pounds

b.

4,000 pounds

c.

5,000 pounds

d.

10,000 pounds

 

 19. 

In poultry house temperature management, the use of a properly designed and operated fan and pad cooling system can keep the house temperature               to               degrees F lower than the outdoor temperature.

a.

15 - 25

b.

20 - 30

c.

5 - 10

d.

25 - 35

 

 20. 

Nutrient Content in Various Types of Poultry Wastes
Nutrient            Broiler Litter         Layer Litter High      Layer Litter Lagoon
                           (lb/ton)                   Rise System                System (lb/1,000 gal)   
                                                                                                 Liquid              Sludge
Nitrogen (N)         62                           30                                 6.2                     32                      
Phosphate (P205)  60                          26                                  1.9                     46
Potash (K20)         40                         10                                    --                       --


Using the chart above, approximately how many pounds of Nitrogen (N) can a high rise system egg producer anticipate, is his.her layers produce 50 tons of poultry waste? (Assume that one ton equals 2,000 pounds)

a.

1,500 pounds

b.

3,100 pounds

c.

310 pounds

d.

1,300 pounds

 

 21. 

Estimated Manure Production by Various Poultry
Type of       Market or     # of birds      # of        Amount of     Amount of    Amount of
Poultry        adult live       equivalent   flocks/yr  feed eaten       feed eaten     manure
                    weight         to a 1,000                     per animal      per animal     produced
                   (lb/bird)       lb. animal                    (lb/gowning     (lb/yr)           per animal
                                       unit                               g period)                            (lb/yr)
Layer,light   4                  250              1              77/52 wk        77                 15.4
Layer,          7                 143               1              90/52 wk        90                 18.0
heavy
Pullet          3                  333               2             15/20 wk        30                  6.0
Broiler        4                  250               6              9/7 wk           54                 10.8
Roaster       7                 143                4             18/10 wk        72                 14.4
Turkey       20                50                  2             60/20 wk       120                24.0
Figure may vary with animal, ration, and season
Note:  Pounds of feed at least 11% to 13% moisture x 0.20=pounds of manure(dry weight basis). Fresh manure is 75%-80% moisture.Manure can be air dried in the poultry house to 15%-25% moisture.


Using the chart above, to “estimate” the amount of manure a 5,000 bird flock (Layer, heavy) will produce in one year. (Assume that one ton equals 2,000 pounds).

a.

22.5 tons

b.

45 tons

c.

38.5 tons

d.

90 tons

 

 22. 

The typical temperature range reached during the composting of poultry manure varies from 140 to 160 degrees F. The microorganisms that function under these temperature conditions are called “heat loving” or organisms.

a.

aerobic

b.

anaerobic

c.

hypothermic

d.

thermophilic

 

 23. 

If birds receive a “hard scald” during processing, the temperature range of the scalded water will be _______ degrees F and the duration of the scald will last              seconds.

a.

123-130;90-120

b.

140-160;60-90

c.

200-212;15-20

d.

160-180;30-60

 



 

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