Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. |
| 1. | When evaluating precooked breaded chicken patties, which of the following is not considered foreign material? a. | mouse dropping(s) | c. | insect(s) | b. | filler material | d. | hair(s) | | | | | |
| 2. | The discoloration and dehydration of poultry skin during storage is commonly called: a. | blue back | c. | bruising | b. | appreciable meat yield loss | d. | freezer burn | | | | | |
| 3. | An egg shell is composed of three layers and constitutes approximately 11 percent of total egg weight. Which of the following are the three shell layers? a. | chalaziferous, inner thin, and outer thin | c. | mamillary,spongy,and cuticle | b. | allantois, amniotic,and uterine | d. | epidermis,dermis,and subcutaneous | | | | | |
| 4. | The various species of poultry belong to the class Aves. Which of the following common types of poultry is a member of the order Anseriformes? a. | ducks | b. | chickens | c. | turkeys | d. | pheasant | | | | | | | | | |
| 5. | The breast muscles of chickens and turkeys are very light in color because of a low level of pigment. a. | hemoglobin | b. | myoglobin | c. | melanic | d. | xanthophyll | | | | | | | | | |
| 6. | Avian red blood cells differ from those of animals because they: a. | transport oxygen | c. | are nucleated | b. | contain hemoglobin | d. | are formed by the skeletal system | | | | | |
| 7. | Which part of the avian digestive system stores and softens food? It is believed that this structures degree of fullness is involved in regulating feeding activity. a. | ingulvies | b. | cecum | c. | proventriculis | d. | jejunum | | | | | | | | | |
| 8. | Pterylae is/are the: a. | Genus name for pheasants | c. | feather tracts found in a fowls skin | b. | scientific name for a fowls wattles | d. | cartilaginous rings composing the trachea of birds | | | | | |
| 9. | In modern poultry production and management systems, respiratory infections are common problems that confront producers. Which of the following plays a role in the susceptibility of birds to the occurrence of respiratory infections? a. | high concentrations of dust | b. | the fact that the nine air sacs which form part of the avian respiratory system are mostly devoid of blood vessels | c. | Both high concentrations of dust or the fact that the nine air sacs which form part of the avian respiratory system are mostly devoid of blood vessels | d. | Neither high concentrations of dust or the fact that the nine air sacs which form part of the avian respiratory system are mostly devoid of blood vessels | | | |
| 10. | Factors such as nutritional deficiencies, toxic poisons, and injuries are frequently the causes of: a. | noninfectious diseases | b. | infectious diseases | c. | Both noninfectious diseases and infectious diseases | d. | Neither noninfectious diseases or infectious diseases | | | |
| 11. | Which of the following forms of immunity is an example of passive immunity? a. | immunity resulting from vaccination | b. | immunity resulting from direct exposure to a disease | c. | immunity from the hen to the chick by the way of the egg | d. | none of these are examples of passive immunity | | | |
| 12. | Egg transmission is the major mode of transmission for which of the following diseases? a. | Infectious Coryza | c. | Mycoplasmosis (MG) | b. | Fowl Pox | d. | Aspergillosis | | | | | |
| 13. | Which of the following major gross symptoms is not associated with the poultry disease Infectious Bronchitis? a. | a decline or drop in egg production | c. | poor shell quality | b. | respiratory stress | d. | swelling around the face and eyes | | | | | |
| 14. | Rickets is caused by a lack of ninerlization of the bone resulting from a deficiency of calcium, phosphorous, and/or vitamin D. Which is the most probable cause of rickets? a. | a deficiency of the mineral phosphorous | b. | a deficiency of the mineral calcium | c. | an imbalance between the minerals phosphorus and calcium | d. | a vitamin D deficiency | | | |
| 15. | Following processing, ready-to-cook broilers should be chilled at least degrees F internal temperature. |
| 16. | A bird relies almost completely on and for its excess heat disposal. a. | convection and radiation | b. | conduction and evaporation | c. | dehumidification and evaporative cooling | d. | perspiration and panting | | | |
| 17. | Formula for Dead Poultry Composting Material Parts by Weight Poultry Manure 20 to 30 Poultry Carcasses 10 Wheat Straw 1 Water (add sparingly) 0 to 5
According to the chart provided, as a method for disposing of dead birds by composting, what is the appropriate ratio (parts by weight) or poultry manure to poultry carcasses? a. | 2 to 3 parts poultry manure to 1 part poultry carcasses | b. | 1 part poultry manure to 2 to 3 parts poultry carcasses | c. | 20 to 30 parts poultry manure to 10 parts poultry carcasses | d. | Both 2 to 3 parts poultry manure to 1 part poultry carcasses and 20 to 30 parts poultry manure to 10 parts poultry carcasses are correct | | | |
| 18. | Using this parts by weight ratio (20 to 30 parts poultry manure to 10 parts poultry carcasses) and assuming a producer has 10,000 pounds of poultry manure available for composting, what are the maximum pounds of poultry carcasses the producer will be able to compost (assume maximum efficiency)? a. | 2,00 pounds | b. | 4,000 pounds | c. | 5,000 pounds | d. | 10,000 pounds | | | | | | | | | |
| 19. | In poultry house temperature management, the use of a properly designed and operated fan and pad cooling system can keep the house temperature to degrees F lower than the outdoor temperature. a. | 15 - 25 | b. | 20 - 30 | c. | 5 - 10 | d. | 25 - 35 | | | | | | | | | |
| 20. | Nutrient Content in Various Types of Poultry Wastes Nutrient Broiler Litter Layer Litter High Layer Litter Lagoon (lb/ton) Rise System System (lb/1,000 gal) Liquid Sludge Nitrogen (N) 62 30 6.2 32 Phosphate (P205) 60 26 1.9 46 Potash (K20) 40 10 -- --
Using the chart above, approximately how many pounds of Nitrogen (N) can a high rise system egg producer anticipate, is his.her layers produce 50 tons of poultry waste? (Assume that one ton equals 2,000 pounds) a. | 1,500 pounds | b. | 3,100 pounds | c. | 310 pounds | d. | 1,300 pounds | | | | | | | | | |
| 21. | Estimated Manure Production by Various Poultry Type of Market or # of birds # of Amount of Amount of Amount of Poultry adult live equivalent flocks/yr feed eaten feed eaten manure weight to a 1,000 per animal per animal produced (lb/bird) lb. animal (lb/gowning (lb/yr) per animal unit g period) (lb/yr) Layer,light 4 250 1 77/52 wk 77 15.4 Layer, 7 143 1 90/52 wk 90 18.0 heavy Pullet 3 333 2 15/20 wk 30 6.0 Broiler 4 250 6 9/7 wk 54 10.8 Roaster 7 143 4 18/10 wk 72 14.4 Turkey 20 50 2 60/20 wk 120 24.0 Figure may vary with animal, ration, and season Note: Pounds of feed at least 11% to 13% moisture x 0.20=pounds of manure(dry weight basis). Fresh manure is 75%-80% moisture.Manure can be air dried in the poultry house to 15%-25% moisture.
Using the chart above, to estimate the amount of manure a 5,000 bird flock (Layer, heavy) will produce in one year. (Assume that one ton equals 2,000 pounds). a. | 22.5 tons | b. | 45 tons | c. | 38.5 tons | d. | 90 tons | | | | | | | | | |
| 22. | The typical temperature range reached during the composting of poultry manure varies from 140 to 160 degrees F. The microorganisms that function under these temperature conditions are called heat loving or organisms. a. | aerobic | b. | anaerobic | c. | hypothermic | d. | thermophilic | | | | | | | | | |
| 23. | If birds receive a hard scald during processing, the temperature range of the scalded water will be _______ degrees F and the duration of the scald will last seconds. a. | 123-130;90-120 | b. | 140-160;60-90 | c. | 200-212;15-20 | d. | 160-180;30-60 | | | | | | | | | |