True/False
Indicate whether the
statement is true or false.
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1.
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Many of the worst introduced pests were deliberately introduced
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2.
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Point Source Pollution occurs from widely dispersed land areas and is carried in
runoff water from a field, forest, or urban area into a stream, lake, or ground water.
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3.
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All non-indigenous species are harmful
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Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that
best completes the statement or answers the question.
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4.
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What percentage of the average soil is organic matter?
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5.
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Which of these is not a key ingredient of soil?
a. | organic matter | b. | hemoglobin | c. | minerals | d. | air |
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6.
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As a physical substance which of these is soil used for?
a. | furnishing minerals for plant roots | b. | supplying air and water to plant
roots | c. | anchoring plant roots | d. | as an aggregate for asphalt and
concrete |
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7.
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Before the ingredients of soil are broken down and form soil they are known
as?
a. | felsic mix | b. | pre-soil mix | c. | parent material | d. | organic
minerals |
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8.
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The most accurate definition of soil is...
a. | a substance that farmers use that support plant growth | b. | a group of minerals
that are very valuable | c. | a substance that is extracted from oil
wells | d. | a mixture of organic matter mineral components water and air that supports plant
growth |
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9.
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Soil erosion is...
a. | the movement of plants and trees under the influence of water, wind, ice, or
gravity | b. | the movement of water particles under the influence of water, wind, ice, or
gravity | c. | the movement of soil particles under the influences of water, wind, ice, or
gravity | d. | when people disturb the environment |
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10.
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If soil is stabilized it is..
a. | acted on by geological soil erosion and man-made soil erosion | b. | never moving under
any circumstances | c. | under the influence of construction of a new
highway | d. | acted on only by geological soil erosion |
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11.
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An agronomist is primarily concerned with what use of soil?
a. | construction | c. | supporting crop growth | b. | acting as a filer
for the hydrologic cycle | d. | natural beauty |
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12.
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What process is occurring when freezing and thawing of water breaks down
rocks?
a. | photosynthesis | b. | construction | c. | weathering | d. | regeneration |
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13.
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How are ecosystems and biotic communities different?
a. | ecosystems and communities are the same thing | b. | a community is a
system of only living organisms, but an ecosystem is a system of living and nonliving
factors | c. | they are both subject to alterations by humans | d. | a community is a
system of living and nonliving factors but an ecosystem is a system of only living
organisms |
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14.
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There are_____ different classifications of water.
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15.
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On an average day, one acre of corn can transpire_______ gallons of water under
ideal environmental conditions.
a. | 1,000 | b. | 2,000 | c. | 3,000 | d. | 4,000 |
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16.
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How are ecosystems and biotic communities different?
a. | ecosystems and communities are the same thing | b. | a community is
system is only living organisms, but an ecosystem is a system of living and nonliving
factors | c. | they are both subject to alterations by humans | d. | a community is a
system of living and nonliving factors but an ecosystem is a system of only living
organisms |
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17.
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Which gas is considered to be a natural contaminant of ground water?
a. | helium | b. | propane | c. | methane | d. | hydrogen |
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18.
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Which mineral is not considered to be a natural contaminant of
groundwater?
a. | zinc | b. | phosphorus | c. | manganese | d. | calcium |
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19.
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Groundwater possesses its own taste, odor, and color, which is created by
dissolved...
a. | acids | b. | salts | c. | minerals | d. | bacteria |
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20.
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They hydrologic cycle receives its energy from...
a. | shifts in ocean tides | b. | the moon | c. | carbon dioxide | d. | the
sun |
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21.
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How many gallons does it take to flood 1 acre a foot deep (million
acre-feet)
a. | 320,828 | b. | 325,828 | c. | 328,828 | d. | 330,828 |
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22.
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Water must meet________ general criteria requirements.
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23.
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The build up of plant nutrients in a body of water, which leads to excessive
algae growth is called________.
a. | equinoctial | b. | eradication | c. | eutrophication | d. | equatorial |
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24.
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What hazardous pollutant is toxic to human lungs?
a. | asbestos | b. | mercury | c. | arsenic | d. | benzene |
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25.
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Which pollutant reduces the rate of plants?
a. | ozone | c. | sulfur dioxide | b. | carbon monoxide | d. | nitrogen
dioxide |
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26.
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What part of the human body typically absorbs the largest amount of air
pollution?
a. | skin | b. | ears | c. | nose | d. | lungs |
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27.
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What is the decibel (dB) threshold of pain for most people?
a. | 120dB | b. | 130dB | c. | 140dB | d. | 150dB |
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28.
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What air pollutant oxidizes rubber and makes it crack?
a. | ozone | c. | sulfur dioxide | b. | carbon monoxide | d. | particulates |
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29.
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Particulate pollutants may come from the combustion of:
a. | wood, coal, and diesel | b. | natural gas | c. | propane | d. | gasoline |
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30.
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Consumers...
a. | Manufacture their own food by participating in food chains/webs | b. | Cannot make their
own food | c. | Are the beginning of any food chain | d. | Out number the producers in the
world |
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31.
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Short grass prairies are found in areas of...
a. | desert regions of the United States | c. | very wet soils | b. | low
moisture | d. | high moisture and
better soils |
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32.
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An ecosystem includes a biotic community and its...
a. | animal association | c. | chemical nature | b. | abiotic environment | d. | plants |
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33.
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Which is not an example of a grassland ecosystem in the United States?
a. | tall grass prairie | c. | mixed grass prairie | b. | tundra | d. | desert
grasslands |
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34.
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An example of climax grassland vegetation would include:
a. | switch grass, lupine, and compass plant | b. | open grown oaks and
low growing shrubs | c. | short grass with a few conifers scattered
throughout | d. | cattails, button bush, and dogwood trees |
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35.
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Which is not an abiotic factor influencing where prairies are found?
a. | abundance of grass and grass-like plants | c. | wind | b. | precipitation | d. | rates of evaporation |
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36.
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Environmental toxicology is the study of chemicals on...
a. | plants | c. | ecosystems | b. | animals | d. | all of these are
correct |
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37.
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In the United States, organic waste makes up _________ of what we throw
away.
a. | 0-20% | b. | 20-40% | c. | 40-60% | d. | 60-80% |
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38.
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The definition of a Riparian area is:
a. | The grassy areas located at the borders of fields | b. | Land and vegetation
adjacent or near the banks of water | c. | Areas that are covered with water during at
least part of the year | d. | The ridge of high area which water drains
either toward or away from a watershed |
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39.
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What is the primary means of invasive species introductions
a. | wind/air born | c. | human | b. | animal | d. | all of these are
correct |
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40.
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One invasive purple loosestrife plant produces up to 2.7 million seeds per year
and spreads across approximately________ additional acres of wetland each year.
a. | 1,000 | b. | 100,000 | c. | 500,000 | d. | 1
million |
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41.
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Non native species impose enormous costs on
a. | agriculture | c. | human health | b. | forestry | d. | all of these are
correct |
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42.
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Of these air pollutants, which is the most hazardous?
a. | blowing dust from wind erosion | b. | odors from animal waste | c. | pesticide aerosol
from crop spraying | d. | diesel fumes from a tractor in an open
field |
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43.
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Municipal solid waste includes all of the following except:
a. | Commercial Solid Waste | c. | Residential Solid Waste | b. | Hazardous
Waste | d. | Industrial Solid
Waste |
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44.
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In natural environments, organic waste materials...
a. | slowly decompose | c. | are not present | b. | pollute streams | d. | cause toxic
fumes |
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45.
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What is the relationship of municipal solid waste to residential waste?
a. | Residential waste contains municipal waste | b. | Municipal waste
contains residential waste | c. | There is no relationship | d. | The terms are
synonymous |
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46.
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According to EPA agricultural solid waste does not include...
a. | crop residues | c. | certain chemicals | b. | manure | d. | dead animals |
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47.
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Compared to other countries, the United States...
a. | generates more waste per capita | b. | generates less water per
capita | c. | generates less water per capita | d. | has better strategies for reducing
waste |
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48.
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Waste can be described as all of the following except...
a. | solid and flaccid | b. | solid and liquid | c. | liquid and gas | d. | solid and
gas |
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49.
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All of the following types of energy may be obtained from solid waste
except...
a. | methane | b. | electricity | c. | leachate | d. | biomass
fuel |
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50.
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Predictable and gradual change from one community with the passage of time is
called...
a. | ecological change | c. | ecosystems drift | b. | community change | d. | ecological
succession |
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