True/False
Indicate whether the
statement is true or false.
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1
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Blue-green algae are actually bacteria.
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2
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All cyanobacteria produce toxins that can be harmful to aquatic organisms and to
people.
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3
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Waters that flow slowly with low turbulence are at particularly high risk of
algal blooms.
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4
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Algal blooms have only been observed in the past 50 or so years, essentially
since the use of commercial fertilizers started in the U.S.
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5
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Algal blooms generally only last a week, maybe two because they use up excess
nutrients very quickly.
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6
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Not all algal blooms are harmful.
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7
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Algal blooms can be a problem by blocking sunlight from reaching plants growing
on the bottom of streams, rivers, ponds and lakes.
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8
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Boiling water with blue-green algae kills the algae and makes the water safe to
drink.
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9
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Seafood consumed that has been in a body of water with a HAB can cause illness
in people.
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10
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Many of the worst introduced
pests were deliberately introduced
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11
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Point Source Pollution occurs
from widely dispersed land areas and is carried in runoff water from a field, forest, or urban area
into a stream, lake, or ground water.
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12
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All non-indigenous species are
harmful
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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13
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Blue-green algae toxins can irritate or cause damage to:
a | the skin | d | none of these are correct | b | the
liver | e | the nervous
system | c | all of these are correct |
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14
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Which of these is not a key
ingredient of soil?
a | organic
matter | b | hemoglobin | c | minerals | d | air |
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15
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The most accurate definition of
soil is...
a | a substance that farmers use that
support plant growth | b | a group of minerals that are very valuable | c | a substance that is extracted from oil
wells | d | a mixture of organic matter mineral components water and air that supports
plant growth |
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16
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There are_____ different
classifications of water.
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17
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Which gas is considered to be a
natural contaminant of ground water?
a | helium | b | propane | c | methane | d | hydrogen |
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18
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How many gallons does it take
to flood 1 acre a foot deep (million acre-feet)
a | 320,828 | b | 325,828 | c | 328,828 | d | 330,828 |
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19
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What hazardous pollutant is
toxic to human lungs?
a | asbestos | b | mercury | c | arsenic | d | benzene |
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20
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Particulate pollutants may come
from the combustion of:
a | wood, coal, and
diesel | c | propane | b | natural gas | d | gasoline |
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21
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Environmental toxicology is the
study of chemicals on...
a | plants | c | ecosystems | b | animals | d | all of these are correct |
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22
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According to EPA agricultural
solid waste does not include...
a | crop
residues | c | certain
chemicals | b | manure | d | dead
animals |
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23
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The most accurate definition of
soil is...
a | a substance that farmers use that
supports plant growth | b | a group of minerals that are very valuable | c | a substance that is extracted from oil
wells | d | a mixture of organic matter, mineral components, water, and air that supports
plant growth |
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24
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The best type of soil for
agricultural purposes is...
a | clay mixed with
gravel | b | loam soil with a fair amount of organic
matter | c | pure clay soil with a small amount of organic
matter | d | sad soil with very little organic
matter |
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25
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Which of the following is a
benefit of applying animal manure to soil?
a | over application causes excess heavy
metals in the soil | b | excess salts from over application of manure | c | manures running into streams and
lakes | d | increasing organic matter in
soils |
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26
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Which of the following is not a
benefit of soil organic matter?
a | improves water infiltration into
soil | c | kills all microorganisms in the
soil | b | improves the permeability of soil | d | improves soil tilth |
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27
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In natural environments,
organic waste materials...
a | are not
present | c | pollute
streams | b | cause toxic fumes | d | slowly decompose |
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28
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Which of the following is not a
true statement about natural disasters?
a | natural disasters are episodes in
which the processes of nature cause human or animal suffering | b | population density has no affect on how many people are
injured by natural disasters | c | most of the processed that are considered natural disasters have been
occurring for thousands of years | d | hurricanes are considered natural
disasters |
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29
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The fatal botulin toxin can be
found where?
a | in the
soil | c | in
water | b | in the air | d | in the rainforest |
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30
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Soap and water can be used to
kill insects in the _______ stage.
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31
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The process of bacteria
changing dead organisms into ammonia, then to nitrites, and finally to nitrites useful to plants is
called_______.
a | photosynthesis | c | nitrification | b | electrolysis | d | ammonification |
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32
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What is/are the
function/functions of soil as a medium for plant growth?
a | furnish minerals for plant
nutrition | b | supply air to plant roots | c | be an aggregate for asphalt and
concrete | d | All of these are correct |
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33
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Which of the following is a
problem of land use associated with flooding?
a | the after affects of fire and
earthquakes | b | large deposits of sand on land | c | destroying coastal property with tremendous
waves | d | causing soil to be blown away by wind such as in the Dust Bowl of the
1930’s |
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34
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The process that changes water
from a gas to a liquid is called__________.
a | condensation | b | evaporation | c | transpiration | d | respiration |
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35
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Particulate pollutants may come
from the combustion of:
a | wood, coal, and
diesel | c | propane | b | natural gas | d | gasoline |
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36
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What type of water prevents soap from getting sudsy and leaves deposits on pots
and pans?
a | Groundwater | b | Surface water | c | Soft water | d | Hard
water |
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37
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What is normally the most expensive part of controlling air pollution?
a | Planning studies | b | Operating and maintaining equipment
| c | Disposal of pollutants | d | Purchasing and installing air pollution control
equipment |
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38
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Depth of surface soil is important for which of the following reasons?
a | Shallow surface soils can not hold structures | b | Water can not drain
through deep surface soils | c | Root development of most crops occurs in the
upper 12 inches of soil | d | Depth of surface soil is NOT
important |
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39
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Soil structure can be all of the following kinds except...
a | crumb | b | grainy | c | platy | d | prismatic |
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40
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Which of the following is a benefit from crop rotation?
a | each row acts like a small dam to stop runoff from moving straight
downhill | b | run off is conducted across the slope to some protected areas | c | soil tilth is better
maintained | d | the muddy water is held long enough for the sediment to settle out in the form of
mud |
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41
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Dried manure can be used for...
a | Feed additives | c | Making storage basins | b | Gravel road
beds | d | Run off diversion and
control |
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42
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How are contaminant residues generally measured in drinking water?
a | Parts per thousand (ppt) | c | Parts per billion
(ppb) | b | Parts per million (ppm) | d | Parts per hundred (pph) |
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43
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Plants that undergo the process of nitrogen-fixing by absorbing nitrogen gas
(N2) and converting it to nitrates are called
a | cool season grasses | c | nitrators | b | legumes | d | warm season
grasses |
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44
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Highly degraded soil organic matter is/are known as....
a | humus | c | microbial soil | b | pedogenisis | d | soil beginnings |
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45
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What is the purpose of adding calcium carbonate to soil?
a | to improve the structure of the soil | b | to increase the pH of soil (decrease
acidity) | c | to prevent erosion by working as an adhesive to soil | d | to replace nitrogen
soil |
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Completion
Complete each
statement.
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46
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The more accurate name of ‘blue-green algae’ is?
___________________________
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47
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HAB is an acronym for what? ______________ _______________
______________
(answer is singular)
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48
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Blue-green algae multiply quickly in water bodies with high nutrient levels such
as phosphorous or ____________________, and particularly when the water is warm and the weather is
calm.
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49
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Algae usually reproduce by ______________ fission.
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50
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When algal blooms start to die, what nutrient, essential of animal life, starts
to become depleted in the water? ________________
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