Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Which pollutant reduces the growth rate of plants?
a. | Ozone | c. | Sulfur dioxide | b. | Carbon monoxide | d. | Nitrogen
dioxide |
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2.
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What is normally the most expensive part of controlling air pollution?
a. | Planning studies | b. | Operating and maintaining
equipment | c. | Disposal of pollutants | d. | Purchasing and installing air pollution control
equipment |
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3.
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Where is the majority of the earth’s water?
a. | Water vapor in the atmosphere | c. | Precipitating at this
moment | b. | In plants and animals | d. | In the oceans and polar ice caps |
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4.
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Certain chemical substances are used and reused as they cycle between living and
nonliving organisms in the environment. The three most important of these cycles are
a. | Water, carbon and nitrogen | c. | Magnesium, iron and
zinc | b. | Treflan, roundup and sencor | d. | Hydrogen, oxygen and helium |
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5.
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Which of the following is not used to reduce soil erosion?
a. | Mulch | c. | Residue from previous crops | b. | Gravel | d. | Animal wastes |
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6.
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The fact that some energy is lost in the form of heat at each step in the food
chain means that there must be
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a. | More producers than consumers | c. | More decomposers than
producers | b. | More consumers than producers | d. | More producers than
decomposers |
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7.
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Consumers
a. | Manufacture their own food by participating in food chains and
webs | b. | Cannot make their own food | c. | Are the beginning of any food
chain | d. | Outnumber the producers in the world |
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8.
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Which of the following is a benefit of crop rotation?
a. | The muddy water is held long enough for the sediment to settle out as
mud | b. | Soil tilth is maintained better | c. | Each row acts like a small dam to stop runoff
from moving straight downhill | d. | Runoff is conducted across the slope to some
protected area |
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9.
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In addition to nutrients, manure helps soil by
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a. | Adding organic matter | c. | Filling in waterways | b. | Controlling grubs | d. | Absorbing inorganic
chemicals |
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10.
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Depth of surface soil is important for which of the following reasons?
a. | Shallow surface can not hold structures | b. | Water can not drain
through deep surface soils | c. | Root development of most crops occurs in the
upper 12 inches of soil | d. | Depth of surface soil is NOT
important |
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11.
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Photosynthesis is a process by which...
a. | consumers make their own food | b. | plants use sunlight to break down
food | c. | plants transform the sun’s energy into usable energy (food) | d. | one plant community
is replaced by another over time |
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12.
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The most accurate definition of soil is...
a. | a substance that farmers use that supports plant growth | b. | a group of minerals
that are very valuable | c. | a substance that is extracted from oil
wells | d. | a mixture of organic matter, mineral components, water, and air that supports plant
growth |
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13.
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Which of the following is not a process of weathering which breaks down
rocks?
a. | wetting | b. | hammering | c. | freezing | d. | thawing |
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14.
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The largest of these soil separates or particles is...
a. | clay | b. | gravel | c. | sand | d. | silt |
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15.
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What are the four textural classes in textural triangle?
a. | gravel, sand, silt, and clay | c. | sand, silt, clay, and
loam | b. | sand, silt, clay, and wood | d. | sand, silt, clay and clay |
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16.
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Which has the least tendency to form clods, the least moisture holding capacity
and the least fertility?
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17.
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Soil structure can be all of the following kinds except...
a. | crumb | b. | grainy | c. | platy | d. | prismatic |
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18.
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We can determine soil texture by...
a. | using the “Ribbon Test” and by using a graduated
cylinder | b. | kicking the soil and watching how it lands | c. | weighing the soil
sample | d. | looking at the color |
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19.
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The best type of soil for agricultural purposes is...
a. | clay mixed with gravel | b. | loam soil with a fair amount of organic
matter | c. | pure clay soil with a small amount of organic matter | d. | sand soil with very
little organic matter |
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20.
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An example of man-made soil erosion is...
a. | glaciers forming rivers and great lakes | b. | raindrops wearing
rock away to form gullies, canyons, and valleys | c. | soil washing off of tilled slopes and
overgrazed pastures | d. | water moving across rocks very
rapidly |
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21.
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Soil conservation practices in the United States include...
a. | hauling topsoil out of the Mississippi River and putting it on nearby
farms | b. | tilling all land whether it has too much slope or not | c. | using terraces,
strip cropping, and no-till farming | d. | urban development on all land no longer
suitable for farming |
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22.
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Salinization, alkalization, and water logging usually occur from...
a. | cultivation of poor soils | b. | low-input cultivation of
crops | c. | improper utilization of sewage sludge | d. | improper irrigation
practices |
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23.
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Which type of soil conservation replaces nutrients in soil, and helps to insure
vegetative cover?
a. | applying fertilizer | c. | heavily irrigating | b. | building terraces | d. | preventing soil
pollution |
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24.
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Which of the following is a benefit of applying animal manure to soil?
a. | over application causes excess heavy metals in the soil | b. | excess salts from
over application of manure | c. | manures running into streams and
lakes | d. | increasing organic matter in soils |
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25.
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Which of the following is the best description of Class I land?
a. | Moderately good land that can be cultivated and farmed regularly, but has some
important limitations | b. | Land that may be in frequent
floodplain | c. | Very productive land that can be cultivated with minimal erosion control
measures | d. | Land that may be severely steep, greater than 30% slope, with severely eroded
gullies |
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26.
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Which of the following is not a benefit of planting grass on bare soil?
a. | prevents raindrops from striking bare soil and breaking it loose | b. | keeps all erosion
from occurring even in very strong rains | c. | plant roots tend to hold soil in place that it
is less susceptible to erosion | d. | adding organic matter to
soil |
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27.
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Which of the following is true about wind erosion?
a. | wind erosion erodes more soil than water erosion in all areas of the United
States | b. | winds are able to move large quantities of the soil from one place to another
| c. | if wind erosion occurs in a certain area, there is nothing a land owner can do about
it | d. | only very strong winds can erode soil |
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28.
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Which of the following is not a benefit of soil organic matter?
a. | improves water infiltration into soil | c. | kills all microorganisms in the
soil | b. | improves the permeability | d. | improves soil tilth |
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29.
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Which of the following erosion control measures is more adapted to the farm than
in non-farm situation
a. | concrete waterways | c. | sediment basins | b. | concrete diversion ditches or
berms | d. | strip
cropping |
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30.
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In natural environments, organic waste materials...
a. | are not present | c. | pollute streams | b. | cause toxic fumes | d. | slowly
decompose |
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31.
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A material is not considered waste until...
a. | It is declared toxic | c. | It is incinerated | b. | It is recycled | d. | It is discarded |
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32.
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The strategies known as the “Three R’s,” include...
a. | Redirect, recycle, and / or renew | c. | Reduce, redirect, and / or
renew | b. | Reduce, renew, and / or recycle | d. | Reduce, reuse, and / or
recycle |
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33.
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Leachate is ....
a. | A parasite that preys on other animals | b. | Another term for total solid
waste | c. | Contaminated liquid created by decomposing solid waste | d. | Human bodily waste
that has been treated |
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34.
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Nutrients from manure...
a. | are not available for plant use | c. | are not organic | b. | are not always
stable in soil | d. | cannot leach
into groundwater |
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35.
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Dried manure can be used for...
a. | Feed additives | c. | Making storage basins | b. | Gravel road
beds | d. | Run off diversion and
control |
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