Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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What is Ecology?
a. | A complex network of living and nonliving organisms | b. | The branch of
science dealing with the complex relationships of nonliving organisms | c. | The branch of
science dealing with the complex relationships of living things and the
environment | d. | The branch of science dealing only with natural
resources |
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2.
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Ecosystems are:
a. | Complex relationships among living things and their environments | b. | Complex
relationships among nonliving organisms | c. | natural resources | d. | Complex network of
living and nonliving organisms in which each organism may be affected by the
others |
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3.
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The three components of the food chain are:
a. | Earth, wind and fire | c. | soil plants and animals | b. | Producers consumers
and decomposers | d. | Dogs cats
and horses |
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4.
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Water cycles through the hydrologic cycle in this order
a. | Condensation-soaking into the ground- condensation-transpiration | b. | Transpiration-soaking into the ground-evaporation soaking into the
ground | c. | Evaporation and transpiration- Condensation-precipitation-soaking into the
ground-plant absorption and run off- evaporation and transpiration | d. | Plant absorption and
run off-soaking into the ground- precipitation |
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5.
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Approximately 78% of the Earth’s atmosphere is made of what gas?
a. | Carbon | c. | Oxygen | b. | Nitrogen | d. | Water Vapors |
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6.
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Nitrates are used in making ____ which are the building blocks of
protein.
a. | Grasses | c. | roots | b. | amino acids | d. | muscles |
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7.
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The process of bacteria changing dead organisms to ammonia, then to nitrates and
finally to nitrates useful to plants is called:
a. | Photosynthesis | c. | Nitrification | b. | electrolysis | d. | ammonification |
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8.
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How are ecosystems and biotic communities different?
a. | Ecosystems and communities are the same thing | b. | A community is a
system of only living organisms, but an ecosystem is a system of living and non living
factors | c. | they are both subject to alterations by humans | d. | a community is a
system of living organisms and nonliving factors but an ecosystem is a system of only living
organisms |
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9.
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The computation to derive growth rate is:
a. | Birth rate in year one minus birth rate in year two equals growth
rate | b. | Birth rate in one year divided by five equals growth rate | c. | death rate plus
birth rate equals growth rate | d. | birth rate minus death rate equals growth
rate |
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10.
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If the world population is now 5.2 billion and the growth rate is 1.8%, what is
the increase in population for the next year?
a. | 2 billion increase | b. | 0.32 billion increase | c. | 0.1 billion
increase | d. | the population increase cannot be determined with the given
info |
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11.
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Which of the following are leading groundwater contaminates?
a. | Sewage and Wastes | c. | Car Exhaust and oil spills | b. | Nitrates and
pesticides | d. | cattle and hog
wastes |
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12.
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Integrated pest management (IPM) does not utilize which of the following
practices?
a. | The use of biological organisms to combat harmful pests | b. | The use of chemicals
to kill pests as frequently as possible | c. | a rotation of crops to kill specific
pests | d. | scouting of pests to determine the type of pest and extent of
damage |
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13.
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What is the leading cause of eutrophication?
a. | Accumulation of salts in irrigated lands | b. | wind
erosion | c. | Fertilizer run off | d. | use of heavy metals in
soils |
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14.
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Which of the following is not an alternative fuel?
a. | Ethanol | b. | Gasohol | c. | Diesel | d. | Soydiesel |
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15.
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Which of the following is not an aquacultural crop?
a. | Rice | c. | Alligators | b. | Fish | d. | all are
aquacultural |
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16.
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Ecosystems can be studied at three different levels, how they work, what they
look like and _________.
a. | what makes up their food web | b. | what plant communities are
dominant | c. | what stage ecological succession they exhibit | d. | outnumber the
producers in the world. |
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17.
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The gradual transformation of a pond into a bottomland forest over the passage
of years is an example of:
a. | Limiting factors | b. | a community rather than an
ecosystem | c. | ecological succession | d. | ecological
transformation |
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18.
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What percentage of the average soil is organic matter
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19.
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An agronomist is primarily concerned with what use of soil?
a. | Construction | b. | acting as a filter for the hydraulic
cycle | c. | Supporting crop growth | d. | natural beauty |
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20.
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What soil particle holds water the tightest and has the least
permeability
a. | Gravel | b. | sand | c. | silt | d. | clay |
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21.
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It is important for agricultural production soil to be granular in structure for
what purpose
a. | it is more attractive crop ground | b. | it is better for building structures
on | c. | for root penetration and permeability | d. | soil structure is not important for
agricultural production |
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22.
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If soil is stabilized it is...
a. | Acted on geological soil erosion and man made erosion | b. | Never moving under
any circumstances | c. | under the influence of construction of a new
highway | d. | Acted on only by geological soil erosion |
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23.
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Topsoil losses in the United States are 1/8 inch but the restoration rate is
a. | 30-50 years/ inch | c. | 75-90 years/inch | b. | 50-60 years/inch | d. | 400-500
years/inch |
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24.
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This type of erosion can be responsible for up to 95% of soil loss due to
erosion
a. | Splash | b. | sheet | c. | gully | d. | wind |
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25.
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What is the purpose of using impermeable clays in constructing landfills?
a. | Impermeable clays do not settle as much as other clays | b. | to prevent leaching
of household chemicals into groundwater | c. | impermeable clays are more conductive to plant
growth | d. | impermeable clays are easier to find than other types of
clays |
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26.
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Which of the following is NOT a government agency associated with soil
conservation
a. | The Federal Bureau of Intelligence | b. | United States Forestry
Service | c. | The Natural Resources Conservation Service | d. | The Agriculture
Stabilization and Conservation Service |
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27.
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Which of the following is a goal of the Conservation Reserve Program?
a. | To eliminate all erosion | b. | To protect long-term capability of land to
produce food and fiber | c. | to regulate all use of agricultural
land | d. | to protect naturally occurring wetlands from all use |
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28.
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Which of the following is the best description of Class I land?
a. | Moderately good land that can be cultivated and farmed regularly but has some
important limitations | b. | land that may be in a frequent flood
plain | c. | Very productive land that can be cultivated with minimal erosion control
measures | d. | land that may be very steep, greater than 30% slope with several
gullies |
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29.
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According to the EPA, agricultural waste does not include:
a. | Crop Residues | c. | Certain Chemicals | b. | manure | d. | Dead animals |
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30.
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Most of the solid waste in the municipal waste stream comes from:
a. | paper | b. | plastic | c. | yards | d. | aluminum |
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31.
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Foods that should not be placed in a compost heap include:
a. | Potato peels | c. | coffee grounds | b. | meats | d. | egg shells |
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32.
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Two environmentally sound methods of solid waste disposal are:
a. | incineration and sanitary landfills | c. | town dumps and sanitary
landfills | b. | ocean dumping and sanitary landfills | d. | compaction and town
dumps |
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33.
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Two results of decomposition in a sanitary landfill are:
a. | Methane and leachate | c. | photosynthesis and leachate | b. | earthworms and
humus | d. | oxygen and
helium |
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34.
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Which is not an example of point source pollution?
a. | a downstream fish kill | c. | accidental manure spill | b. | an above ground tank
leak | d. | a lagoon
overflow |
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35.
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All of the following are important nutrients of manure except:
a. | nitrogen | b. | phosphorus | c. | methane | d. | potassium |
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